Binary Tree Level Order Traversal

Tree BFS

Problem

Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).

For example:

Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its level order traversal as:

[
  [3],
  [9,20],
  [15,7]
]

Thought Process

Solution

from collections import deque
class Solution:
    def levelOrder(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[List[int]]:
        if root is None:
            return []
        
        result = []
        queue = deque()
        queue.append(root)
        while queue:
            currentLevel = []
            levelSize = len(queue)
            for _ in range(levelSize):
                currentNode = queue.popleft()
                currentLevel.append(currentNode.val)
                
                if currentNode.left:
                    queue.append(currentNode.left)
                if currentNode.right:
                    queue.append(currentNode.right)
            result.append(currentLevel)
        return result
                    

#Time: O(n) where n is the total number of nodes in tree
#Space: O(n) because of return list and queue